Chinese economic reform: how the US should prepare

US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton discusses the future of US-China relations at an event held to celebrate the anniversary of the state visit paid by Richard Nixon to China in 1972. The event was co-hosted by the US Institute of Peace (USIP) and the Richard Nixon Foundation, at USIP in Washington, DC, on 7 March 2012. (Photo Flickr user: US State Department)

Author: Derek Scissors, Heritage Foundation

The US government suffers from understandable but harmful confusion concerning Chinese economic reform.

Market reforms have been most often implemented gradually, and that slowness is misperceived to be moderation. In fact, when market reforms have occurred, they have been clear and powerful. Read more…

US–China relations and the Chen dilemma

Chen Guangcheng, pictured, is under US protection in Beijing following a dramatic escape from house arrest according to rights group ChinaAid, 28 April 2012. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Michael G. Roskin, Macau

Blind human-rights advocate Chen Guangcheng has given diplomacy a shove, causing a great racket that may startle the US out of its preferred ‘quiet diplomacy’ approach to human rights.

So far, this approach has allowed Beijing to ignore the issue of human rights violations. Read more…

Internationalising the Chinese currency

A bank clerk counts yuan banknotes at a bank outlet. It is difficult to predict how soon the RMB will become an international currency. That depends significantly on the pace of domestic financial market liberalisation. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Peter Drysdale, Editor, East Asia Forum

In 2010, China became the second largest economy in the world, overtaking Japan, signalling an important turning point in many aspects of China’s role in the world economy, from the balance of economic power to its role in the global financial system.

Certainly if China, the United States and Japan are to continue their current trend growth rates, then China will overtake the United States as the world’s largest economy by 2030, many would say even as soon as 2022. Read more…

Liberalising China’s international capital movements

A pedestrian walks past a branch of Bank of Shanghai in Shanghai, China. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Yu Yongding, CASS

After the Chinese government launched its so-called Pilot RMB Trade Settlement Scheme in April 2009, efforts to internationalise the renminbi have made impressive headway.

By September 2011, RMB deposits in Hong Kong reached RMB622.2 billion, and it was widely expected that the amount would surpass RMB1 trillion by the end of 2011. Things turned out otherwise. Read more…

Economic rebalancing in China is a long-term issue

Chinese shoppers buy vegetables at a supermarket in Jiujiang city. Annual inflation spiked unexpectedly in March to 3.6 per cent, driven by rising food prices, surprising investors who had bet on cooling price pressures to give Beijing room to ease monetary policy. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Wang Xiaolu, NERI

Economic imbalance in China — as indicated by the country’s very high investment rate, large export surplus and low proportion of domestic consumption — represents a long-term structural problem.

According to official statistics, the ratio of final consumption to GDP dropped sharply from 62.3 per cent to 47.4 per cent over the past decade. Read more…

Asia’s century one of turbulent transition and volatility

A security guard outside a bilateral meeting during the Boao Forum for Asia on April 1, 2012. The annual Boao Forum for Asia is a non-profit organisation that hosts forums for leaders from government, business and academia in Asia to share views on pressing issues in the region. (Photo: AAP)

Author: S. Mahmud Ali, LSE

International security literature has developed a new sub-genre focusing on the upcoming ‘Asian Century’.

Explanations of precisely what this term might mean still vary widely, but the changing power relations between the US and its presumed peer rival, China, lie at the core of the discussion. Read more…

A structural approach to China’s rebalancing

A woman sells kites on a road near the national stadium in Beijing on 22 April 2012. A more balanced domestic economy will be conducive to a more balanced external economy for China. (Photo: AAP)

Authors: Luke Deer and Ligang Song, ANU

China’s leaders have taken on an ambitious 12th five-year plan to rebalance China’s economy away from investment-led growth and toward more consumption-led growth.

A useful way to think about economic rebalancing might be as a policy to tackle the structural challenges arising from the dynamism of China’s transitional economic structure. Read more…

African competition in China’s market for iron ore

Africa has reserves of high-quality iron ore that are estimated to match those in Australia. Over 200 iron ore projects are being contemplated across the African continent. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Peter Drysdale, Editor, East Asia Forum

The boom in resource prices, fuelled by China’s surging industrialisation and steel demand over the past couple of decades, has lifted Australia’s terms of trade to a 100-year high.

Resource exporters around the world have been enjoying good times. Read more…

BRICS can provide a fall-back option

Leaders of the BRICS countries who met on 28-29 March 2012 in New Dehli, India. (Photo: Flickr user Pan-African News Wire File Photos)

Author: Rajiv Kumar, FICCI

According to some media reports the Delhi BRICS summit, fourth for the original grouping with Brazil, Russia, India and China as its members, and the second since South Africa was co-opted at Sanya, did not set the Yamuna River (in New Delhi, where it was held on 29 March) on fire. The outcomes were perceived by some as below expectations.

Expectations have been high since the Sanya summit, hosted by China last year, which generated unprecedented media hype and high-voltage atmospherics. Read more…

Hong Kong’s 2012 chief executive election

Hong Kongs current chief executive Donald Tsang, right, speaks next to chief executive elect Leung Chun-ying at a meeting in Hong Kong, 26 March 2012. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Joseph Cheng, City University of Hong Kong

The election of a new chief executive in Hong Kong on 25 March — voted on not by Hong Kong’s 7 million inhabitants, but an Election Committee comprising 1200 members representing professional or special interest groups — was both ugly and controversial.

Hong Kong’s citizens were reminded just how interested Chinese authorities are in controlling the special autonomous region and were disappointed by collusion between big business and the public administration. Read more…

China’s rising maritime aspirations

A Hong Kong activist stands waving in front of a Chinese flag as a group sets sail from Cheung Chau Island near Hong Kong on 22 September 2010 for a disputed island chain, amid an escalating row between China and Japan over the territory. The islands, known as the Senkaku islands in Japan and Diaoyu in China and also claimed by Taiwan, lie in an area with rich fishing grounds that is also believed to contain oil and gas deposits. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Li Mingjiang, RSIS

The recent annual sessions of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) — two of the most important political events in China — demonstrated the extent to which the country’s elite aspire to safeguard China’s interests in the East Asian seas.

But in his report to the NPC, Premier Wen Jiabao also vowed to prioritise efforts to improve relations with neighbouring countries. Read more…

China’s global economic and geopolitical destiny

People walk through a business district in Beijing, China on 13 April 2012. Economic growth in China fell to its lowest level in nearly three years in the first quarter but analysts said the economy should rebound in coming months. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Peter Drysdale, Editor, East Asia Forum

China’s economy grew at its slowest pace in three years, with growth at an annual rate of 8.1 per cent in the first quarter of 2012, hit by slowing exports and a weak property market.

There are those that see the deceleration of GDP growth over the past year as a significant turning point in Chinese economic fortunes.

Read more…

China’s century or America’s?

A Chinese clerk counts yuan and dollar bills at a bank in Tancheng county, Linyi city, Shandong province, on 12 May 2011. Whether America's dominance will continue this century is disputed by many analysts. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Barry Eichengreen, UC Berkeley

Everyone by now has grown accustomed to, if not physically weary of, articles extolling China’s economic dynamism and rehearsing America’s decline.

While the US is only starting to recover from its most serious recession in nearly 80 years, China glided through the global financial crisis largely unscathed. Read more…

Busting the myth of China’s property bubble

China has invested heavily in property -- about US$750 billion in 2010 alone -- since it privatised the market in the late 1990s. A massive stimulus package unveiled in late 2008 to combat the global financial crisis also triggered a flood of credit into the second-largest economy globally, with a large portion funnelled into construction. (Photo: AAP)

Author: James Laurenceson, UQ

Five years on, the US economy remains sluggish after the bursting of a house-price bubble.

More recently, the focus has been on China — the world’s second-largest economy — and whether it too might be overwhelmed by a similar event. Read more…

Japan’s foreign policy and avoiding the unthinkable

Mt. Fuji is seen in the background between skyscrapers in Shinjuku, Japan. Japan, like much of the rest of East Asia, is confronted by a tension between its political and its economic security. (Photo: AAP)

Author: Peter Drysdale, Editor, East Asia Forum

Building a stable international order in Asia and the Pacific, in which a major international conflict remains unthinkable, requires a number of elements.

Understandably much of the focus on thinking about avoiding the unthinkable, to date, has been on the how to manage the rise of China’s power and its impact on America. Read more…